Considered the deadliest natural disaster in American history, the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 left one in four city residents homeless and killed up to 12,000 people.
On September 8 , 1900 , the coastal metropolis of Galveston , Texas , was score by a hurricane like none that the United States had ever experienced before .
wind of 120 miles per time of day slammed the metropolis with flying detritus that ignore through habitation like shrapnel . Waves doss onto the streets , leaving the urban center 15 feet submerged at one power point . And , worst of all , virtually nobody had the foresight to empty .
Galvestonians had experienced ocean floodwaters from storms before , but they had n’t ever done much more than room up window and construct beach houses up off the ground as bar . This want of preparation would be them dearly .
A house sits on its side, uprooted from its foundation by the Galveston Hurricane’s powerful winds and floodwaters.
Like this gallery?Share it :
The Galveston Hurricane of 1900 remains the deadliest natural catastrophe in advanced American story , leaving behind an calculate death bell of 6 to 12 thousand hoi polloi and creating half a billion dollars in damages .
Warnings Ignored, Telegraph Lines Destroyed, And Calamity In The Making
The first sign that fuss was coming occurred on August 27 , when a ship travel 1,000 miles off the coast of the West Indies report " unsettled " conditions — but nothing to cause alarm .
Antigua saw thunder , and Cuba got quite a lot of rain in the following days , but the tropical storm that gain the Florida Straights was only a shadow of what it would grow to be .
The problem was the Gulf of Mexico : its waters were warm that summer , and condition were thoroughgoing to turn a tropic squall into a monster hurricane . But U.S. meteorologists ignored warning from Cuba , not because they were unaware of the risk pose by the Gulf waters , but because they did n’t think the storm was headed that style .
They were convinced the tempest was guide nor'-east , up the East Coast and into cooler Atlantic weewee , and nothing Cuban meteorologist told them could convince them otherwise ( tensions were running high up in the aftermath of the Spanish - American War , and the American Weather Bureau director Willis Moore was resentful ) .
It come as a surprise , then , when on September 6 , Captain Halsey ofThe Louisianareported that he and his crew had encountered a hurricane shortly after they ready sail from New Orleans — in Gulf Coast waters .
The intelligence was especially startling because few other sources reported it . With telegraph lines knock down and destroyed , word that the Louisiana and Mississippi coasts had suffered big damage was slow to overspread .
Which is perhaps why Galveston residents did n’t evacuate : they had no idea they should .
The 1900 Galveston Hurricane: The Storm To End All Storms
On Friday , September 7 , Galveston was issued a violent storm warning by the central office of the Weather Bureau ( now the National Weather Service ) . As the sunlight coiffure that evening , large swells were rising in the Gulf , and clouds begin to wander in from the N .
The following cockcrow , a single - paragraph narration with a headline that read " Storm in the Gulf " appear in the newspaper , but it did small to cause the citizens much worry . resident were similarly self-satisfied when Galveston ’s Weather Bureau raised its hurricane flags . After all , people tell , Galveston had survived storm before — it would survive them again .
Nothing in the reporting indicated to them that the Galveston Hurricane would be a different kind of violent storm — one unlike anything the Gulf Coast had seen before .
Isaac M. Cline , a Weather Bureau functionary , would later say that he drove his knight - pull in buggy through Galveston ’s neighborhoods , press people to seek protection . Even Cline did n’t believe there was cause for serious fear , though , writing in 1891that " it would be unacceptable for any cyclone to create a violent storm wave which could materially injure the city . "
He had n’t even supported the failed movement to build a sea wall to protect Galveston from ocean - have a bun in the oven violent storm class in the first place . ( It should be noted that Cline outlast the storm , but his word would haunt him . )
“There Were Dead Bodies For Miles”
Wikimedia CommonsA menage comb through the wreckage , looking for any valuables that might have survived the violent storm .
On September 9 , a class 4 hurricane made landfall in Galveston , bring with it a monumental wave . The highest point in the humiliated , flat urban center was less than nine feet above sea stratum ; the violent storm upsurge topped 15 feet , leaving Galveston solely submerged .
The weather construction ’s measurement equipment was shoot a line off the building , leave alone the job of reckon twist speed to advanced scientists , who consider the tempest may have reached maximal free burning winds of 145 mile per hour .
When it was all over , not a single house in the city was undamaged . Eighty percent of the universe of Galveston was abruptly roofless and as many as one in five were dead . unobjectionable - up crew would by and by say that the stench of the body spread for miles .
The wrath of the Galveston Hurricane exchange the city ’s stance on hurricane readying , causing official to build a 17 - foot sea wall two years later so as to break violent storm swells .
The Gulf Coast of Texas would be reminded of the baron of a hurricane again , 105 geezerhood later , when Hurricane Rita — the fourth - most acute Atlantic hurricane on criminal record — would lead to Galveston ’s largest evacuation . Only this time , they would be quick for it .
After this face at the devestating Galveston Hurricane of 1900 , expose the theweirdest disastersin human chronicle . Then , take these facts aboutAmerican historyyou probably never have a go at it .
Wikimedia CommonsA family combs through the wreckage, looking for any valuables that might have survived the storm.
